منابع مشابه
Towards a theory of chronic pain.
In this review, we integrate recent human and animal studies from the viewpoint of chronic pain. First, we briefly review the impact of chronic pain on society and address current pitfalls of its definition and clinical management. Second, we examine pain mechanisms via nociceptive information transmission cephalad and its impact and interaction with the cortex. Third, we present recent discove...
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Background and Aim: With respect to the rising trend of chronic pain and needing for pay attention to the psychological dimensions of chronic pain, identifying practical strategies for psychological empowerment in chronic pain management process is high importance. Hence, the current study aimed to explore the psychological empowerment strategies in chronic pain management from health care p...
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Intrinsic value is a concept central to the environmentalist movement. Whether one believes that natural objects have intrinsic value is supposed to determine whether one takes a ecocentric or homocentric approach to environmentalism, whether we practice deep or (merely) shallow ecology. Yet this concept is also a center of controversy and confusion. Just what does it mean for something to ha...
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همطالعه حاضر به ارائه مدلی برای آموزش موثر زبان انگلیسی می پردازد. مدل حاضر از سه عامل تاثیر گذار در کارایی تدریس معلمان زبان انگلیسی بهره می برد. این سه عامل شامل سبکهای اسنادی، خود تنطیمی و فرسودگی شغلی معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی می باشد. رساله مورد نظر درچهار فاز طراحی شده است: فاز اول شامل طراحی و رواسازی پرسشنامه سبکهای اسنادی معلمان زبان انگلیسی و فاز دوم شامل استفاده از این پرسشنا...
Operant learning theory in pain and chronic pain rehabilitation.
The application of operant learning theory on chronic pain by Fordyce has had a huge impact on chronic pain research and management. The operant model focuses on pain behaviors as a major component of the pain problem, and postulates that they are subject to environmental contingencies. The role of operant learning in pain behaviors generally has been supported by experimental studies, which ar...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Progress in Neurobiology
سال: 2009
ISSN: 0301-0082
DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2008.09.018